Burkina Faso, once relatively stable, has now become the most impacted country by terrorism according to the 2024 Global Terrorism Index (GTI). This alarming rise in violence and instability marks a significant shift in the security landscape of the Sahel region, reflecting deeper socio-political unrest.

The Severity of Terrorism in Burkina Faso

The GTI 2024 highlights a grim reality: Burkina Faso witnessed a staggering increase in terrorism-related deaths, rising by 69% in the last year alone, despite a 17% decrease in the number of attacks. This paradox suggests that terrorist attacks have become deadlier, with a quarter of all global terrorism deaths now occurring within Burkina Faso. The country topped the GTI rankings, overtaking regions historically recognized as terrorism hotspots.

Worst Attacks and Their Impact

One of the most horrific incidents occurred on February 17, when gunmen killed at least 71 soldiers in an ambush on the Oursi and Deou axis in Oudalan province, within the volatile Sahel region. The Islamic State claimed responsibility for this attack, which also resulted in three injuries and several abductions. In retaliation, Burkina Faso's security forces conducted counter-offensive operations, claiming to have killed 160 assailants.

The Target: Civilians Suffer Most

For five consecutive years, civilians have been the primary targets of terrorist activities in Burkina Faso, reflecting a disturbing trend of violence aimed at the most vulnerable segments of society. This tactic not only spreads fear among the populace but also complicates efforts for a peaceful resolution, as trust between the community and the government erodes.

Reflections on Global Peace and Security

The GTI findings correlate with the 2023 Global Peace Index, where Burkina Faso recorded the largest deterioration in peacefulness in sub-Saharan Africa. This decline in peace mirrors the country’s rising terrorism challenges and highlights the urgent need for effective interventions.

Looking Forward: Challenges and Considerations

Burkina Faso’s experience underscores a critical need for both national and international strategies focused on long-term stability. Addressing the root causes of insurgency, such as poverty, lack of education, and political disenfranchisement, is essential. Moreover, enhancing the capacity of local security forces and improving governance could help in reclaiming peace and stability.

The international community must also play a role, supporting Burkina Faso through strategic partnerships and direct aid, aimed not only at counter-terrorism measures but also at socio-economic development to address the underlying grievances that fuel extremism.

In conclusion, while Burkina Faso faces a daunting challenge, a coordinated approach that combines security measures with comprehensive socio-economic reforms could pave the way for a more stable future. The rise in the GTI rankings is a call to action for both local leadership and international partners to rethink and reinforce their efforts to combat the scourge of terrorism and restore peace to the afflicted regions.